Author: Forever Clinica

Childhood Obesity: The Heavy Burden on Little Bodies and Steps Towards a Healthy Future

At Forever Clinica, we value the health of every individual who walks through our doors. However, when it comes to our children, we know our responsibility multiplies. In recent years, both globally and in our country, there has been a silently growing, significant burden placed on our little bodies: Childhood Obesity. One of the most important reasons why many health problems we once considered “adult diseases” are now being seen in our children is precisely this issue of obesity.

The pace of modern life, the fascination with technology, the allure of packaged foods, and unfortunately, steadily decreasing physical activity, are pushing our children towards the center of this problem. At Forever Clinica, we wanted to draw attention to this important topic, detailing its causes, consequences, and most importantly, what we can do. Remember, healthy children mean happy tomorrows, and we can walk this path together.

So, What Exactly is Childhood Obesity and Why is it So Important?

Defining obesity simply as “excess weight” is incomplete. Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive and abnormal accumulation of fat in the body to a degree that impairs health. As most of us know, obesity in adults is typically defined using the Body Mass Index (BMI). However, the situation is slightly different for children. Because a child’s growth and development are ongoing, BMI assessment is conducted using age- and gender-specific percentile curves.

• What is Body Mass Index (BMI) and How is it Used in Children? BMI is a simple ratio calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (BMI=Weight (kg)/(Height (m))2). However, this value has no meaning on its own, especially for children. Children are constantly growing, and their body composition changes significantly with age and gender. Therefore, in children, BMI is evaluated using age- and gender-specific growth charts (percentile graphs).
  • If your child’s BMI is greater than 85% of other children in their age and gender group (above the 85th percentile) but does not exceed 95%, they are considered overweight.
  • If your child’s BMI is greater than 95% of other children in their age and gender group (above the 95th percentile), they are considered obese.
  • These percentile values help us position the relationship between the child’s weight and height relative to the healthy child population of the same age and gender.

At Forever Clinica, our pediatricians and nutrition specialists carefully evaluate your child’s BMI and growth curve to analyze their development and potential risks most accurately. This assessment is more than just a number; it is a starting point for understanding the child’s overall health status.

Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) also reveals how alarming this picture is: In the last 40 years, childhood obesity has increased a staggering 10-fold! This is not just a statistic; it’s a signal of a much larger population that will struggle with chronic diseases in the future. This is why, at Forever Clinica, we are putting this issue under the microscope.

The Reasons Behind the Heavy Burden on Little Bodies: Why Are Our Children Gaining Weight?

Childhood obesity is not a condition that appears suddenly, as if by magic. It is usually the result of a complex chain of causes. Attributing it to a single factor would be unfair. It occurs through the combination of both biological and environmental factors. As Forever Clinica specialists, we believe that understanding these reasons is the first step towards finding solutions:

1. Poor Nutrition Habits: Our Eyes Are Full, Not Our Stomachs!

   • Fast Food and Junk Food Invasion: Packaged snacks, chips, candies, chocolates… These are typically sources of “empty calories.” That is, they are high in energy (calories) but very low in nutritional value like vitamins, minerals, and fiber. While they entice children with their taste and appealing packaging, they rapidly lead to weight gain.
   • The Insidiousness of Sugary Drinks: Cola, sodas, ready-made fruit juices, iced teas… These drinks cause you to consume incredible amounts of added sugar without realizing it. Calories in liquid form enter the body quickly without creating a feeling of fullness and are stored as fat. The amount of sugar in a single can of soda is well over the daily recommended intake.
   • Loss of Portion Control: Portions are getting larger in restaurants, and even at home. Putting more food on our children’s plates than necessary and insisting they “finish their plate” prevents them from listening to their natural satiety signals. Consuming large portions of high-calorie, fatty, and sugary foods inevitably leads to weight gain.
   • Low-Fiber, Processed Foods: Refined products instead of whole grains, the fruit itself instead of fruit juice, lean protein sources instead of processed meats… Processed foods generally contain less fiber, which leads to getting hungry sooner and eating more. Fibrous foods provide a feeling of fullness and regulate the digestive system.
   • Eating Out Culture: The decrease in the habit of families eating meals at home together increases the tendency towards uncontrolled and unhealthy choices when eating out.

2. Lack of Physical Activity: Children Who Stand, Not Run!

   • Technology Bondage: Tablets, smartphones, computers, and game consoles… These may be indispensable in our era, but they severely restrict our children’s movement space and time. Staying inactive in front of screens for hours means the calories consumed are not burned.
   • Decreasing Activity Space in Schools: Insufficient physical education classes, shorter recess times, or a lack of safe areas for children to play outdoors make it difficult for school-aged children to meet their daily need for movement.
   • The End of Street Games: There used to be children who ran in the streets all day, skipped rope, and played hide-and-seek. Today, our children often live as if under house arrest. Safety concerns, residential complex living, and lack of planned activities eliminate natural spaces for movement.
   • Family Inactivity: If parents also have a sedentary lifestyle, it’s likely that children won’t find enough encouragement or opportunities to be active. Children model their parents.

3. Genetic and Family Factors: Fate or Habit?

   • Genetic Predisposition: Yes, some children may be genetically more predisposed to gaining weight. Genetic differences related to metabolism speed, fat storage tendencies, or appetite regulation can play a role. However, genetic predisposition alone does not necessarily cause obesity. The risk increases when genetic factors combine with an unsuitable environment and lifestyle. As Forever Clinica specialists, while we accept genetic predisposition as a factor, we emphasize that lifestyle changes can counteract this predisposition.
   • Family Habits: Family eating habits, food culture (what is eaten, how much is eaten, how often), physical activity levels, and even stress coping methods directly affect the child. If high-calorie, unhealthy foods are common in the family and inactivity is the norm, the child’s risk of becoming obese significantly increases. At this point, “family factor” often refers more to shared lifestyle habits than genetics.

4. Psychological and Environmental Factors: Emotional Hunger and the Stress of Modern Life

   • Stress, Anxiety, and Emotional Eating: Just like adults, children may turn to food to cope with emotions like stress, sadness, boredom, or anxiety. Especially sugary and fatty foods can create a short-term feeling of “feeling good” (comfort eating). This can become a cycle and contribute to weight gain. School stress, family problems, or social pressures can be triggers.
   • Sleep Irregularities and Insufficient Sleep: Not getting enough quality sleep negatively affects the body’s hormones that regulate appetite and metabolism (leptin and ghrelin). Children who don’t get enough sleep tend to crave more junk food, are less energetic, and are more prone to weight gain. Sleep is critically important for growth and development as well as weight management.
   • Environmental Stigma and Discrimination: Peer bullying and societal prejudice directed at overweight children can cause serious psychological problems in children. This can lead to social isolation, low self-esteem, and depression, making healthy lifestyle changes even more difficult.
   • The Impact of Marketing and Advertising: Most food advertisements targeting children focus on high-sugar, high-fat, and high-salt products. These advertisements have a strong influence on children’s food preferences and can lead them towards unhealthy choices.

At Forever Clinica, we understand this complex web of causes and evaluate each child’s situation individually. This is because the fight against obesity is not just about what they eat and how much they move, but also closely related to the emotional, social, and environmental factors experienced by the child and the family.

Health Problems Caused by Obesity in Children: Not Just Weight, Future Health is at Risk!

Childhood obesity, unfortunately, is not just a condition that affects physical appearance. It lays the groundwork for serious health problems in a developing body, and these problems often continue into adulthood, even worsening. At Forever Clinica, we believe it is important for families to be fully aware of the health risks that obesity can cause:

1. Physical Health Problems: The Excessive Load on a Growing Body

   • Type 2 Diabetes: Perhaps one of the most concerning consequences of childhood obesity. This disease, once seen only in adults (high blood sugar due to insulin resistance), is now being diagnosed in an increasing number of children. If not controlled, it can lead to permanent and serious complications like nerve damage, kidney problems, and eye problems. The fact that tiny bodies encounter a disease expected in adulthood at such an early age increases the future health burden.
   • High Blood Pressure and Heart Disease Risk: Excess fat tissue in the body increases blood pressure and places an additional burden on the cardiovascular system. Having high blood pressure or high cholesterol in childhood significantly increases the risk of serious heart diseases like heart attack and stroke in adulthood. The heart has to work extra hard to carry excess weight.
   • Fatty Liver (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease – NAFLD): As the name suggests, fatty liver not related to alcohol consumption is a common consequence of childhood obesity. It often shows no symptoms but can lead to inflammation in the liver over time, and even serious and irreversible damage like cirrhosis. This condition can even lead to liver failure in the long run.
   • Sleep Apnea and Respiratory Problems: Excess weight can increase soft tissue around the neck, causing narrowing or complete blockage of the airways during sleep. This condition leads to sleep apnea, characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Sleep apnea can cause insufficient oxygen intake throughout the night, excessive daytime fatigue, difficulty concentrating, poor school performance, and even additional strain on the heart.
   • Early Puberty: In girls, excessive body fat can affect the production of hormones like estrogen, leading to early puberty (precocious puberty). This can result in consequences such as the child not being psychologically ready and affecting bone development, leading to shorter final adult height.
   • Orthopedic Issues: Excessive body weight places abnormal stress on joints (knees, hips, ankles) and bones that are still developing. This can lead to pain in the knees and hips, flat feet, leg bowing (like Blount’s disease), and difficulty walking.
   • Other Physical Problems: Obese children may also be more prone to issues like gallstones, acid reflux, and skin infections (especially in skin folds).

2. Psychological and Social Effects: Not Just the Body, Mental Health is Affected Too

   • Low Self-Esteem and Depression: Negative perceptions of body image, feeling different from peers, and constant exposure to weight-focused comments lead to serious self-esteem problems in children. This can result in social withdrawal, unhappiness, and even depression.
   • Peer Bullying and Social Isolation: Unfortunately, overweight children are more frequently subjected to peer bullying at school or in their social environment. Being teased, excluded, and physical abuse have devastating effects on a child’s psychology. This can cause the child to avoid social situations and become isolated.
   • Decreased School Performance: Physical discomfort (fatigue, attention deficit caused by sleep apnea), psychological problems (anxiety, depression), and social difficulties can prevent a child from concentrating in school and fully realizing their academic potential.

At Forever Clinica, we know that obesity is not just a “weight” issue; it is a whole that encompasses physical, psychological, and social health. Therefore, our approach, instead of just focusing on weight loss, is aimed at improving the overall well-being of the child and the family.

Fighting Childhood Obesity: Forever Clinica is With You! What Can We Do for a Healthy Future?

Combating childhood obesity requires much more than individual effort. It is a family journey and even requires a holistic approach that includes support from school and society. At Forever Clinica, we aim to be the biggest supporter of families on this challenging path. Here are the concrete steps we can take and Forever Clinica’s role in this process:

1. Instill Healthy Eating Habits: Start a Kitchen Revolution!

   • Return to Home Cooking: Prioritize meals prepared at home with fresh and natural ingredients instead of packaged and processed foods. Preparing meals as a family is both a fun activity and increases children’s awareness of what they eat.
   • The Contents of the Plate Matter: Half the plate should consist of fruits and vegetables, a quarter from whole grains (bulgur, whole wheat bread, brown rice), and a quarter from lean protein sources (chicken, fish, legumes, eggs, yogurt). This is the basic rule for a balanced plate.
   • Limit Sugar and Processed Foods: Minimize the consumption of “empty calorie” sources like sugary drinks (sodas, ready-made fruit juices), candies, chocolates, chips, and cookies. Instead of completely banning them, you can save them for special occasions or rare treats. Keep healthy snack options at home (fruit slices, vegetable sticks, yogurt, etc.).
   • Pay Attention to Portions: Do not give children adult portions. Adjust portions according to the child’s age and needs. Do not insist on finishing the plate; allow your child to listen to their satiety signals.
   • Drink Plenty of Water: Make sure children drink enough water throughout the day. Water is important for metabolism and is a healthy alternative to sugary drinks.
   • Don’t Skip Breakfast: Starting the day with a balanced breakfast reduces the need for junk food during the day and boosts metabolism.
   • Be a Role Model: Your eating habits as a parent directly influence your child’s habits. If you eat healthily, your child will be more inclined to eat healthily too.

2. Encourage Physical Activity: Step Away From the Screen, Engage With Life!

   • Plan an Active Day: Aim for children to do at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day. This doesn’t have to be all at once; it can be spread throughout the day (playing at school, walking home, sports activities, evening family walks, etc.).
   • Make Activity Fun: Encourage activities the child enjoys. Soccer, basketball, swimming, dancing, cycling, skipping rope… Whatever it is, let it be something the child enjoys.
   • Be Active as a Family: Plan activities like going for a walk together as a family, going to the park, cycling, or exercising at home on certain days of the week. This both strengthens family bonds and makes you a good role model for the child.
   • Limit Screen Time: Restrict the time spent in front of the television, tablet, phone, and computer according to age. For children over 2 years old, a maximum of 1-2 hours of screen time per day is generally recommended. Encourage replacing screen time with active time.
   • Take Opportunities: Small changes in daily life, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking short distances, can increase overall activity levels.

3. Manage Technology Use Consciously: The Real Body of the Virtual World

   • Screen time management is critical not only for the lack of physical activity but also for eye health, sleep patterns, and social development.
   • Set rules with your children about the amount of time they can spend in front of screens and what content can be watched/played, and stick to these rules consistently.
   • Avoid keeping screens in bedrooms. The blue light emitted by screens inhibits the secretion of the sleep hormone melatonin, reducing sleep quality.

4. Ensure Sleep Patterns: A Rested Body, a Happy Soul

   • Make sure your child gets enough sleep appropriate for their age. Preschoolers generally need 10-13 hours, school-aged children 9-11 hours, and adolescents 8-10 hours of sleep.
   • Consistency in sleep times on weekdays and weekends is important.
   • Finish screen use at least 1 hour before bedtime.
   • Ensure the bedroom is dark, quiet, and cool.

5. Support Emotional Well-being: Find Ways Other Than Eating to Cope With Stress

   • Provide a safe environment for your child to express their feelings. Help them develop other coping mechanisms when they are stressed or sad, instead of turning to food (like drawing, listening to music, playing games, talking).
   • Never make negative or shaming comments about your child’s eating habits or weight. Use supportive and positive language.
   • If you notice signs of an eating disorder, excessive anxiety, or depression in your child, do not hesitate to seek support from a child psychologist. At Forever Clinica, we can also provide guidance and support in this area.

6. Seek Professional Support: Forever Clinica is With You! Managing childhood obesity may require a multidisciplinary team approach consisting of a pediatrician, a pediatric endocrinologist (to rule out and manage underlying medical causes, if any), a dietitian/nutrition specialist, an exercise physiologist, and potentially a psychologist when needed.

   At Forever Clinica, with our team of experts in child health, we are the biggest supporters of families in this process:

   • Detailed Assessment: We conduct a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and necessary blood tests (blood sugar, cholesterol, liver enzymes, thyroid hormones, etc.) to determine the causes of your child’s obesity. We diagnose rare underlying hormonal or genetic causes if they exist.
   • Individualized Nutrition Plans: Our nutrition specialists create sustainable and nutrient-rich meal plans suitable for the child’s age, gender, physical activity level, taste preferences, and family lifestyle. Our goal is not to diet, but to instill healthy eating habits.
   • Physical Activity Guidance: We offer suggestions for activities the child enjoys and can do, and develop practical solutions to increase their daily movement.
   • Psychological Support and Family Counseling: We provide support to both the child and the family in coping with the emotional and social dimensions of obesity. We help strengthen family communication, increase motivation, and develop a positive body image.
   • Regular Follow-up: Throughout the treatment process, we regularly monitor the child’s development, health parameters (blood sugar, blood pressure, etc.), and weight status, and update the plan as needed.
   • Education and Awareness: We provide families with detailed information about obesity and its effects, and empower them regarding a healthy lifestyle.

Time to Take Action for a Healthy Future!

Fighting childhood obesity can be challenging, but it is not impossible. It is a marathon, a journey of lifestyle change. Instead of looking for quick fixes or miracle diets, it is important to be patient, consistent, and determined.

At Forever Clinica, we believe that raising a healthy generation is the biggest investment, not only for today but also for our tomorrows. We understand the concerns of families in this process and offer them scientific knowledge, expert support, and companionship.

Remember, healthy children are individuals who are physically and mentally happier, more successful, and better able to realize their potential. It is in our hands to lighten the heavy burden on little bodies and grant them a healthy future.

You are not alone on this journey. Forever Clinica is with you. The health of our children is our priority!

Forever Clinica – Take Action Today for Healthy Tomorrows!